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2001年下半年全国高等教育自学考试英语阅读(二)
SECTION I VOCABULARY (30 points)
Ⅰ. Directions: Match the words in Column with their definitions
in Column B. Blacken the letter of the answer to each word in
Column A on your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points,1 point for each)
A B
1. inexhaustible A. that can be felt by touch
2. evaporate B. that cannot be used up
3. extrapolate C. anger
4. boom D. showing a limitless eagerness for something
5. rage E. guess from known facts
6. tangible F. change into steam and disappear
7. lament G. every two years
8. voracious H. rapid growth or increase
9. biannual I. express sorrow for
10. docile J. easily managed or controlled
Ⅱ. Directions: Read each of
the following sentences carefully, and choose A, B, C or D that
has the closest meaning to the underlined word or phrase. Blacken
the corresponding letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET. (10
points,1 point for each)
11. Why is there currently so much interest in microcomputers?
[A] regularly
[B] immediately
[C] resolutely
[D] presently
12. The machine is activated by
a small set of words with every accurately defined meanings.
[A] pushed forward
[B] set to work
[C] stopped
[D] prevented
13. Some of the students in this
class seem reluctant to help those who have difficulties in their
studies.
[A] willing
[B] indifferent
[C] unwilling
[D] active
14. Hunters have almost
exterminated many of the larger animals like the bighorn sheep and
the grizzly bear.
[A] increased gradually
[B] developed fully
[C] decreased slowly
[D] destroyed completely
15. During the subsequent lull
in hunting, the seal population made a good, although temporary,
recovery.
[A] silence
[B] pause
[C] variety
[D] activity
16. Forecasters have to take
into account a broad diversity of themes.
[A] refuse
[B] consider
[C] command
[D] follow
17. A man is in his best shape
in the decade before age 25.
[A] healthiest
[B] most honest
[C] most handsome
[D] strongest
18. It should be borne in mind
that we are destroying part of the Creation.
[A] determined
[B] given a strong desire
[C] continued
[D] remembered
19. More people report that
they“fell”on the verge of a nervous breakdown.
[A] on top of
[B] instead of
[C] very close to
[D] on behalf of
20. Pesticides have also taken a
toll of animals and birds.
[A] played an important part in increasing the number of animals
and birds
[B] nurtured animals and birds
[C] caused deaths and injuries to animals and birds
[D] threatened the existence of animals and birds
Ⅲ. Directions: Scan Passage 1
and find the words which have roughly the meanings given below.
Write the words in the corresponding space on your ANSWER
SHEET.(10 points,1 point for each)
Note: The numbers in the brackets refer to the numbers of
paragraphs in the passage.
21. points out the differences
of (1)
22. a business or company (1)
23. decide (2)
24. recognize (2)
25. tell people publicly about a product or service in order to
persuade them to buy it (3)
26. keep someone or something safe (4)
27. permission to do something (5)
28. make someone believe something that is not true in order to
get what you want (5)
29. an official written statement giving you the right to do
something (6)
30. promises that something will certainly happen or be done (6)
passage 1
1. A trademark identifies and
distinguishes the products of one business firm from those of
another. It may include a word, a sentence, a symbol, a picture,
or any combination of these. Trademarks must be attached directly
to the product. Many trademarks contain the name of the business.
But manufacturers often use some words to describe the qualities
of the owner of the product, or make up a word. The spoken part of
a trademark is called the brand name.
2. Trademarks provide a simple
way for people to determine who is responsible for a particular
item. They also help people identify the qualities of the product.
3. Service marks also identify
goods and services. They do not have to be attached to a product.
Companies that provide services to the public, such as
transportation companies, use these marks to advertise their
services. For example, a blue sign with a bell, the symbol of the
American Telephone and Telegraph Company, tells every passerby
that a public telephone is available for use.
4. Laws to protect the rights of
the trademark owner were developed in the early 1800's. Most
countries now provide for regulation and registration of
trademarks. An important protection for trademark rights is
federal registration. In 1905, the US Congress passed the first
federal law on trademark registration to be held constitutional.
5. A person wishing to register
a trademark submits his application to the United States
Government Patent Office. The Patent Office may refuse to register
a trademark if it contains (1) immoral, misleading, or scandalous
material; (2) the flag, or any other official insignia of the
United States, a state, a municipality, or another country; (3)
the name, picture, or signature of any living person without his
or her written consent; (4) a mark or name that is now in use in
the United States, if it might confuse or deceive purchasers.
6. If the Government accepts the
trademark, it issues a permit. This permit guarantees a person's
right to use the trademark for twenty years. It may be renewed
every 20 years. If a trademark owner stops using the mark for a
period of two years, he loses the right to exclusive use of that
mark.
SECTION 2 READING COMPREHENSION (40 points)
Ⅳ. Directions: Skim Passage 2
and read the statements given right after the passage and judge
whether they are True or False. Blacken the corresponding answers
on your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points,1 point for each)
Passage 2
1. What happens when we look at
something? ?Beams of light of different degrees of intensity,
reflected from all parts of the object, strike the lens (晶状体)
of the eye. The lens then gathers together the spots of light from
these beams and focuses them onto a light-sensitive plate ?the
retina (视网膜) ?at the back of a pattern of lights.
2. The retina contains millions
of minute light-sensitive elements, each of which is separately
connected to the brain by a tiny fibre in the optic nerve. These
nerve fibres, working independently, pick out minute details from
the image on the retina and turn the small spots of light into
nerve impulses (脉冲) of different strengths. They then transmit
these impulses to the brain. They do this all the same time.
3. All the details of the image
are fed to the brain, and, as we have taught our brain to add them
together correctly, we see a clear picture of the object as a
whole.
4. Television, which means
vision at a distance, operates on a similar principle. A
television picture is built up in thousands of separate parts.
5. Beams of light reflected from
the subject being televised strike the lens of the television
camera, which corresponds to the lens of the eye. The camera lens
gathers together the spots of light from these beams and focuses
an image of the subject onto a plate, the surface of which is
coated with millions of photo-electric elements sensitive to
light.
6. The spots of light forming
the image on the plate cannot be transmitted as light. So they are
temporarily converted by an electronic device into millions of
electrical impulses; that is, into charges of electricity.
7. These electrical impulses are
then sent through space on a wireless wave to the homes of the
viewers. They are picked up by the aerials and conveyed to the
receivers ?to the television sets. There, they are finally
converted back into the spots of light that make up the picture on
the television screen.
31. All the rays of light
reflected from objects are of varying intensity.
32. The retina at the back of
the eyeball is a light-sensitive plate.
33. An image of the object is
focused on the brain in the form of a pattern of lights.
34. The nerve fibres connecting
the light-sensitive elements to the brain work independently.
35. The nerve fibres transmit
the small spots of light directly to the brain.
36. The lens of the television
camera is just like the lens of the eye when beams of light are
reflected from the subject being televised.
37. A camera lens focuses an
image onto the surface of a plate which is covered with millions
of light-sensitive elements.
38. TV station sends pictures to
television sets through the spots of light.
39. The spots of light forming
the image on the plate in a television camera are converted into
pictures.
40. A television set is a
transmitter.
Ⅴ. Directions: Read Passages 3
and 4 and choose the correct answer. Blacken the corresponding
letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET.(20 points,1 point for
each)
Passage 3
1. Of all the foods we know,
fruit is one of the most healthful. It is also one of the most
tasty foods. Almost everyone enjoys fruit. Fruit is grown in
almost every part of the world. There are hundreds of different
kinds of fruits. And there are thousands of different varieties.
In the United States alone, there are several hundred types of
apples.
2. In general though, there are
three separate groups. There are tropical fruits. These are most
important. In this group, we have bananas and pineapples. They are
shipped from tropical countries and are eaten all over the world.
3. Next come the subtropical
fruits. The most important of these are the citrus fruits.
Oranges, tangerines, limes, and grapefruit are favorites. Other
fruits in this class are figs, dates, and olives.
4. The last group comes from the
temperate zone. In this group are pears, apples, grapes, and
plums. Many kinds of berries fit this group, too.
5. Fruits are very important to
the human diet. Besides being tasty, they provide important acids,
salts, and vitamins. Also, they are easy to digest. Nutrition
experts say that the more fruit people eat, the healthier they
become.
6. Down through the centuries
fruit has played a part in tales and history. In a Greek myth,
Hercules sent Atlas to pick“golden apples”to pay for a crime.
Today we believe these golden apples were oranges. During the
1700's, British ships began to carry limes. It was found that
sailors who drank the lime juice did not get sick. Since that
time, British sailors have been called“limeys.”
7. The peach also has an
exciting history. It has been a world traveler. Its journey began
many, many centuries ago. Peaches were first grown in China. From
China, traders of long ago carried peach trees to Persia. From
there, Alexander the Great brought the fruit to Europe. From
Europe, Spanish ships carried peaches to the New World.
8. Through the years, fruit
trees and plants have been improved. Today's fruits are bigger.
They also taste better. Different kinds of fruits are often being
bred. We now have fruit that can travel to all parts of the world
and still stay fresh. Even after traveling for some time, these
new fruits keep the vitamins and minerals that are so good for our
diet. Fruit will always be prized as a basic food that now can be
enjoyed the whole year round.
41. Of all the foods we know,
fruit is one of the most ______________.
[A] colorful
[B] healthful
[C] delicious
[D] B and C
42. According to paragraphs 1
and 2, which of the following is NOT true?
[A] Most people enjoy eating fruit.
[B] Fruit can be grown almost all over the world.
[C] There are tens of thousands of different kinds of fruits.
[D] There are three groups of fruits.
43. Pineapples are grown in
_____________ climate.
[A] cold and dry
[B] hot and humid
[C] snowy and wet
[D] mid and dry
44. Among the following,
_____________ belong to citrus fruits.
[A] tangerines
[B] pineapples
[C] grapes
[D] apples
45. Strawberries probably belong
to __________.
[A] tropical fruits
[B] subtropical fruits
[C] temperate fruits
[D] none of the above
46. Fruits are popular because
they are easy to __________.
[A] plant
[B] digest
[C] serve
[D] taste
47. British sailors have been
called“limeys”because at one time they ___________.
[A] drank lime juice
[B] lived only on limes
[C] refused to ship limes
[D] liked limes better than any other fruits
48. This passage does not
mention the story about ___________.
[A] oranges
[B] limes
[C] peaches
[D] bananas
49. According to this passage,
today's fruits ______________,
[A] like a lot of rain
[B] need a lot of fertilizer
[C] remain the same in size and taste
[D] can stay fresh for a long time
50. In Paragraph 8, the
word“prized”is closest in meaning to __________.
[A] awarded
[B] picked
[C] valued highly
[D] welcomed
Passage 4
1. In science, a theory is a
reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A
theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists
envision the way an observed event could be produced. A good
example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory, in which
gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that
are in constant motion.
2. A useful theory, in addition
to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have
not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized,
scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations
confirm the scientists' predictions, theory is supported. If
observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must
search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the
theory may have to be revised or rejected.
3. Science involves imagination
and creative thinking as well as collecting information and
performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As
the mathematician Jules Henry Poincare said:“Science is built
with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection
of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks
can be called a house.”
4. Most scientists start an
investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned
about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered,
the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires
considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are
formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses.
5. In a way, any hypothesis is a
leap into the unknown. It extends the scientist's thinking beyond
the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs
calculations, and makes observations to test hypotheses. For
without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and
direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated
into theories.
51. The word“related”in
Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.
[A] connected
[B] described
[C] completed
[D] identified
52. The word“this”in
Paragraph 1 refers to _____________.
[A] a good example
[B] an imaginary model
[C] the kinetic molecular theory
[D] an observed event
53. What is NOT true about a
theory?
[A] A useful theory can explain past observations.
[B] A useful theory helps to make predictions.
[C] A theory is the truth that does not need to be tested.
[D] A theory may have to be revised or rejected sometimes.
54. The word“supported”in
Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
[A] finished
[B] adjusted
[C] investigated
[D] upheld
55. Science involves
___________.
[A] imagination and creative thinking
[B] collecting information
[C] performing experiments
[D] all of the above
56. The key point of the
quotation from Jules Henry Pincare is that __________,
[A] facts are the most important things
[B] building a house is like performing experiments
[C] science is more than a collection of facts
[D] a pile of bricks can not be called a house
57. In Paragraph 4, the author
implies that imagination is most important to scientists when they
___________.
[A] evaluate previous work on a problem
[B] formulate possible solutions to a problem
[C] gather known facts
[D] close an investigation
58. Hypotheses are
_____________.
[A] known facts
[B] investigations
[C] imaginations
[D] possible solutions
59. In Paragraph 5, the author
refers to a hypothesis as“a leap into the unknown” in order to
show that hypotheses _________.
[A] go beyond available facts
[B] are sometimes ill-conceived
[C] can lead to dangerous results
[D] require efforts to formulate
60. In Paragraph 5, by
saying“when hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into
theories”, the author means that _____________.
[A] when hypotheses are tested, they become a part of known
theories
[B] when hypotheses are proved to be correct, they become theories
[C] when observations are tested, hypotheses are connected with
theories
[D] when experiments are proved to be correct, hypotheses are
united with theories
Ⅵ. Directions: Passage 5 is
taken from the TEXTBOOK. Read the passage carefully and choose the
best answer. Blacken the corresponding letter of the answer on
your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points,1 point for each)
Passage 5
1. Every year 100 million
holiday-makers are drawn to the Mediterranean. With one-third of
the world's tourist trade, it is the most popular of all the
holiday destinations: it is also the most polluted.
2. It has only 1 per cent of the
world's sea surface, but carries more than half the oil and tar
floating on the waters. Thousands of factories pour their poison
into the Mediterranean, and almost every city, town and village on
the coast sluices its sewage, untreated, into the sea.
3. The result is that the
Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilisations, is gravely
ill ?the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and
attitudes that evolved around it. And the pollution does not
merely stifle the life of the sea ?it threatens the people who
inhabit and visit its shores.
4. Typhoid, paratyphoid,
dysentery, polio, viral hepatitis and food poisoning are endemic
in the area, and there are periodic outbreaks of cholera.
5. The mournful litany of
disease is caused by sewage. Eighty-five percent of the waste from
the Mediterranean's 120 coastal cities is pushed out into the
waters where their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is
more, most cities just drop it in straight off the beach; rare
indeed are the places like Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even
half a mile offshore.
6. Less than 100,000 of Greece's
four million coastal people have their sewage properly treated
?and Greece, as our map shows, is one of the cleaner countries of
the northern shore.
7. The worst parts of the sea
are the Israeli/Lebanon coast and between Barcelona and Genoa,
which flushes out over 200 tons of sewage each year for every mile
of its length.
8. Not surprisingly, vast areas
of the shallows are awash with bacteria and it doesn't take long
for these to reach people. Professor William Brumfitt of the Royal
Free Hospital once calculated that anyone who goes for a swim in
the Mediterranean has a one in seven chance of getting some sort
of disease. Other scientists say this is an overestimate, but
almost all of them agree that bathers are at risk.
9. An even greater danger lurks
in the seductive seafood dishes that add so much interest to
holiday menus. Shellfish are prime carriers of many of the most
vicious diseases of the area.
10. They often grow amid
pollution. And even if they don't they are frequently infected by
the popular practice of ‘freshening them up’?throwing filthy
water over them in markets.
11. Industry adds its own
poisons. Factories cluster round the coastline, and even the most
modern rarely has proper waste-treatment plant. They do as much
damage to the sea as sewage.
12. Fifteen thousand factories
foul the Italian Ligurian Riviera. Sixty thousand pollute the
Tyrrhenian Sea between Sardinia, Sicily and the west Italian
coast! The lagoon of Venice alone receives the effluents of 76
factories.
13. More filth comes washing
down the rivers from industries far inland. The Po and the Rhone
are the dirtiest, followed by the Ebro and the Llobregat in Spain,
by the Adige and the Tiber in Italy, and by the Nile.
14. Thousands of tons of
pesticides are blown off the fields into the sea, detergents from
millions of sinks kill fish, and fertilizers, flushed out to the
sea, nourish explosions of plankton which cover bathers with itchy
slime.
15. Then there is the oil
?350,000 tons pouring each year from ships, 115,000 tons more from
industries round the shore. Recent studies show that the
Mediterranean is four times as polluted by oil as the north
Atlantic, 40 times as bad as the north-east Pacific.
16. Apart from the
nine-mile-wide Strait of Gibraltar, the Mediterranean is
landlocked, virtually unable to cleanse itself. It takes 80 years
for the water to be renewed, through the narrow, shallow straits,
far too slow a process to cope with the remorseless rush of
pollution.
17. Weak coastal currents keep
sewage and industrial waste close to the shore and gently spin
floating oil and tar towards the beaches. And the sea's feeble
tides can do little to help remove it.
18. Of course, the people of the
Mediterranean have always used the sea for their wastes. The
canals of Venice, the waters of the Bosphorous and the sea off the
Nile Delta have been health hazards for centuries.
19. But the population has
increased round the shores to 100 million and a further 100
million tourists come annually. The population of the French and
Italian Rivieras trebles every summer.
20. Three tourists visit the
northern shore every year for every yard of beach. With the
numbers of holiday-makers expected to double in 20 years, it is
hard for even the best treatment plants to cope.
21. The good news is that the
countries of the Mediterranean have been coming together to work
out how to save their common sea.
22. But it will be a long time
before the measures they approved take effect in cleaning up the
sea.
61. The poison factories pour
into the Mediterranean brings about the following results except
that ____________.
[A] diseases are spread in the area
[B] pollution stifles the life of the sea
[C] the sea still nurtures civilisations
[D] pollution threatens the people who inhabit and visit the place
62. In terms of diseases caused
by the pollution of the Mediterranean, which of the following is
NOT mentioned?
[A] Typhoid and polio.
[B] Paratyphoid and dysentery.
[C] Measles and tuberculosis.
[D] Food poisoning and viral hepatitis.
63. The main idea of Paragraph 5
is that _____________.
[A] many diseases in this area are brought about by improperly
treated sewage
[B] people and visitors still bathe and fish in the sea though the
water is polluted
[C] most cities drop their sewage beside the sea
[D] places like Cannes and Tel Aviv don't pipe their sewage into
the sea
64. According to Paragraphs 5, 6
and 7, which of the following is true?
[A] If a man swims and bathes in the waters near the
Israeli/Lebanon coast, he is likely to get some sort of disease.
[B] If a man swims and bathes in the waters near Greece, he is
more likely to get one sort of disease.
[C] If a man swims and bathes in the waters near Cannes, he is
least likely to get diseases.
[D] If a man swims and bathes in the Mediterranean, he is unlikely
to get diseases.
65. What are the prime carriers
of the most vicious diseases of the Mediterranean?
[A] People who swim and bathe in the waters.
[B] People who inhabit and visit the shores.
[C] Shellfish that live in the waters.
[D] Plankton that live in the waters.
66. Which of the following does
not pollute the Mediterranean?
[A] Sewage.
[B] Pesticides.
[C] Oil.
[D] Soft water.
67. It is implied in Paragraph
15 that _________.
[A] the north-east Pacific is polluted to a greater extent than
the north Atlantic by oil
[B] the north Atlantic is polluted to a greater extent than the
north-east Pacific by oil
[C] 350,000 tons of oil is poured into the sea every year
[D] 115,000 tons of oil is poured into the sea from industries
round the shore
68. It is almost impossible for
the Mediterranean to cleanse itself because ________.
[A] it is almost landlocked
[B] its area is landlocked so that it takes 80 years for the water
to be renewed
[C] the pollution is mainly round the shore
[D] it seldom rains in this area
69. The tone of the article is
_________.
[A] amused
[B] ironical
[C] serious
[D] indifferent
70. The main idea of the article
is that __________.
[A] the pollution around the Mediterranean is very serious
[B] the problem of the pollution around the Mediterranean is so
serious that people should pay more attention to it and take
measures to solve it
[C] although the Mediterranean is seriously polluted, it is still
the most popular holiday destination
[D] the pollution around the Mediterranean is mainly due to sewage
SECTION 3 QUESTIONS AND
TRANSLATION (30 points)
Ⅶ. Directions: The following
questions are closely related to Passage 5. Write a brief answer
(one to three complete sentences) to each of the questions on your
ANSWER SHEET. Pay attention to spelling, grammar and sentence
structure in your answers. (15 points,3 points for each)
71. Why does the Mediterranean
threaten people's life?
72. If 7000 people swim in the
Mediterranean, how many of them are likely to get diseases
according to Professor Brumfitt's estimate? What do other
scientists think of his estimate?
73. What are the two ways in
which shellfish are polluted?
74. Why do factories do as much
damage to the sea as the cities, towns, and villages?
75. Name all the sources of
pollution mentioned in the article.
Ⅷ. Directions: Translate the
following sentences (taken from Passage 5) into Chinese and write
the Chinese version in the corresponding space on your ANSWER
SHEET. (15 points,3 points for each)
76. The result is that the
Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilisations, is gravely
ill ?the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and
attitudes that evolved round it.
77. What is more, most cities
just drop it in straight off the beach; rare indeed are the places
like Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even half a mile offshore.
78. Not surprisingly, vast areas
of the shallows are awash with bacteria and it doesn't take long
for these to reach people.
79. Thousands of tons of
pesticides are blown off the fields into the sea, detergents from
millions of sinks kill fish, and fertilizers, flushed out to the
sea, nourish explosions of plankton which cover bathers with itchy
slime.
80. It takes 80 years for the
water to be renewed, through the narrow, shallow straits, far too
slow a process to cope with the remorseless rush of pollution.
英语阅读(二)试题
参考答案
Ⅰ. Directions: Match the words
in Column A with their definitions in Column B. Blacken the letter
of the answer to each word in Column A on your ANSWER SHEET.
【参考答案】
1.B
2.F
3.E
4.H
5.C
6.A
7.I
8.D
9.G
10.J
Ⅱ.Directions: Read each of the
following sentences carefully, and choose A, B, C or D that has
the closest meaning to the underlined word or phrase. Blacken the
corresponding letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET.
【参考答案】
11.D
12.B
13.C
14.D
15.B
16.B
17.A
18.D
19.C
20.C
Ⅲ. Directions: Scan Passage 1
and find the words which have roughly the meanings given below.
Write the word you choose in the corresponding space on your
ANSWER SHEET.
【参考答案】
21. distinguishes
22. firm
23. determine
24. identify
25. advertise
26. protect
27. consent
28. deceive
29. permit
30. Guarantees
Ⅳ. Directions: Skim Passage 2
and read the statements given right after the passage and judge
whether they are True or False. Blacken the corresponding answer
you choose on your ANSWER SHEET.
【参考答案】
31.T
32.T
33.F
34.T
35.F
36.T
37.T
38.F
39.F
40.F
Ⅴ. Directions: Read Passages 3
and 4 and choose the correct answer. Blacken the corresponding
letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET.
【参考答案】
41.D
42.C
43.B
44.A
45.C
46.B
47.A
48.D
49.D
50.C
51.A
52.B
53.C
54.D
55.D
56.C
57.B
58.D
59.A
60.B
Ⅵ. Directions: Passage 5 is
taken from the TEXTBOOK. Read the passage carefully and choose the
best answer. Blacken the corresponding letter of the answer on
your ANSWER SHEET.
【参考答案】
61.C
62.C
63.A
64.A
65.C
66.D
67.B
68.A
69.C
70.B
Ⅶ. Directions: The following
questions are closely related to Passage 5. Write a brief answer
(one to three complete sentences) to each of the questions on your
ANSWER SHEET. Pay attention to spelling, grammar and sentence
structure in your answers.
【参考答案】
71. Because the Mediterranean is seriously polluted and the
pollution causes many diseases: typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery,
polio, viral hepatitis, food poisoning and cholera which threaten
people's life.
72. About 1000 people will get
diseases according to his estimate. Other scientists, however,
think that this is an overestimate.
73. They often grow amid
pollution and are frequently infected by the popular practice of
freshening them up by throwing filthy water over them in markets.
74. Because factories add their
poisons. They cluster round the coastline, and even the modern
ones rarely have proper waste-treatment plants.
75. The sources of pollution
include sewage from the coastal cities, industrial poisons,
pesticides and fertilizers off the fields, detergents from sinks,
and oil and tar from ships and industries.
Ⅷ. Directions: Translate the
following sentences (taken from Passage 5) into Chinese and write
the Chinese version in the corresponding space on your
ANSWERSHEET.
【参考答案】
76.
由此造成的后果是，曾经哺育过无数灿烂文明的地中海如今已奄奄一息，成为一个因其周边人们的才能和态度而遭殃的海洋。
77.
更糟糕的是，多数城市干脆直接从海滩上将赃物倾入海中，而能象戛纳和特拉维夫那样通过管道把废物排到即使离海岸只有半英里距离的城市也是凤毛麟角。
78.
地中海大面积的浅水区域不断被携带细菌的海水冲刷，而细菌用不了多久就会感染人类，这并不会使人感到惊讶。
79.
数千吨的杀虫剂从田野吹入海水中，数百万吨从洗涤槽里流出的清洁剂使海里的鱼中毒身亡。在冲入海中的化肥滋养下浮游生物急剧繁殖，其分泌的黏液附在海滩游泳者身上，令人刺痒不止。
80. 海水通过狭窄、浅平的海峡，需要80年才能更新一次，这缓慢过程远远赶不上无情的污染浪潮。
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